scrap
音標：
美音：/skr?p/，英音：/skr?p/

聽聽基本釋意：

見原文：https://engapi.com/article/4501

外刊例句：
In the 1900s, a broader range of Indians began migrating and their numbers significantly increased after the White Australia policy – a racist law that limited non-white immigration – was scrapped in 1973.
1900 年代，更多的印度人開始移民，1973 年廢除白澳政策（一項限制非白人移民的種族主義法律）后，他們的人數(shù)顯著增加。
—BBC

The world’s largest producer of natural soda ash has scrapped plans to sell shares on the London Stock Exchange just a week after announcing the move.
全球最大的天然純堿生產(chǎn)商在宣布此舉一周后就取消了在倫敦證券交易所出售股票的計劃。
—BBC

Fatima feels “the best idea” would be to scrap the idea of a swimwear round.
法蒂瑪認為“最好的主意”是放棄泳裝回合的想法。
—BBC

基本釋意：
noun
a small fragment of something broken off from the whole
n. （紙、布等的）碎片，小塊；絲毫，一丁點；廢品，廢棄材料（=scrap metal）；吃剩的東西，殘羹剩飯（scraps）；<非正式>小摩擦，小口角；<英，非正式>極瘦小的人（常指小孩）

同義詞：
bit,chip,flake,fleck,garbage,refuse,rubbish,trash,junk,trash,combat,fight,fighting,altercate,argufy,dispute,quarrel

短釋義：
A scrap is typically a small item that originally was part of something larger, like a scrap of fabric that was once part of a larger piece. Scrap can also describe something that’s no longer useful. For example, you might take scrap metal to the recycling center. A final meaning of the noun scrap is “fight,” as in “I got into a scrap with my brother.” Scrap also has a verb form that means “discard.” When you scrap your plan to move to the Bahamas, that means you’re abandoning the plan.
廢料是某物的一點剩余物。你可以在一張紙上記下筆記，或者你可以把一小塊食物扔給你快樂的狗。

長釋義：
A scrap is typically a small item that originally was part of something larger, like a scrap of fabric that was once part of a larger piece. Scrap can also describe something that’s no longer useful. For example, you might take scrap metal to the recycling center. A final meaning of the noun scrap is “fight,” as in “I got into a scrap with my brother.” Scrap also has a verb form that means “discard.” When you scrap your plan to move to the Bahamas, that means you’re abandoning the plan.
廢料通常是最初是較大物品的一部分的小物品，例如曾經(jīng)是較大物品的一部分的布料碎片。廢品也可以描述不再有用的東西。例如，您可以將廢金屬帶到回收中心。名詞 scrap 的最終含義是“戰(zhàn)斗”，如“我和我兄弟發(fā)生爭吵”。 Scrap 還有一個動詞形式，意思是“丟棄”。當(dāng)您取消搬到巴哈馬的計劃時，就意味著您放棄了該計劃。

文學(xué)例句：
The place was packed with lopsided row houses patched with tin sheets and scrap wood and cardboard.
這個地方擠滿了傾斜的排屋，上面用錫板、廢木頭和紙板修補。
—Out of Darkness by Ashley Hope Pérez

He was always keeping his eyes out for scrap metal and saving things like nails and screws.
他總是留意廢金屬并保存釘子和螺絲之類的東西。
—A Wish in the Dark by Christina Soontornvat

I watched him cleaning his master’s woolen coat; he was wrapping wet scraps of brown paper about hot coals, and, with a tongs, dousing grease spots with the steaming paper.
我看著他清洗他主人的羊毛大衣；他正在用濕的牛皮紙片包住熱煤，然后用鉗子將熱氣騰騰的紙片澆在油漬上。
—The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume I: The Pox Party by M.T. Anderson

詞源：
scrap?(n.1)[small piece, fragment] late 14c., scrappe, “piece of food remaining after a meal” (usually plural), from Old Norse skrap “scraps; trifles,” from skrapa “to scrape, scratch, cut” (see scrape (v.)).Hence, “any remnant or small, detached piece” (1580s), typically negative (not a scrap) or in reference to something written or printed. The dismissive term scrap of paper is attested by 1840, made infamous in 1914 by the German chancellor’s comment when violating the treaty that guaranteed Belgian neutrality.The meaning “remains of metal produced or collected after rolling or casting to be reworked” is from 1790. Scrap-iron is attested by 1794.Related entries & more

下面是詞源的翻譯（機器翻譯比較難翻，參考著看）
scrap (n.1)[小塊，碎片] 14世紀末，scrappe，“餐后剩下的食物”（通常為復(fù)數(shù)），源自古斯堪的納維亞語 skrap “碎片；小事”，源自 skrapa “刮擦，刮擦，因此，“任何殘余物或小的、分離的碎片”（1580 年代），通常是負面的（不是碎片）或指書面或印刷的東西。 1840 年，“廢紙”這個輕蔑的詞得到了證實，1914 年，德國總理在違反保證比利時中立的條約時發(fā)表評論，使該詞變得臭名昭著?！霸谲堉苹蜩T造后生產(chǎn)或收集的金屬殘留物需要再加工”的含義來自 1790 年。廢鐵經(jīng) 1794 年證實。相關(guān)條目及更多