精聽3??15-3

同義替換

go to meetings

attend meetings

management of?

manage

attention to

take care with

at least?

a minimum of

second job

second position

computer skills

computer literate

make it happen

take place

most needed

demand is the greatest?

surprised

amazed

more shoppers

went up considerably

is on

appears on

prominent

obvious

scraper

scrape with an instrument

bathing

bath

occurrence of

the outbreaks of

??literate

adj. 有讀寫能力的，受過良好教育的；熟練的，通曉的；精通文學的

n. 有文化的人；學者

??prominent

adj. 重要的，著名的；顯眼的，突出的；突起的，高聳的

??What’s made prominent

??motorist

n. 汽車駕駛員

??There’s always a volunteer there to explain what’s happening to any motorists.

??aqueduct

n. [水利] 渡槽；導水管；溝渠

??Water carried to Roman baths by aqueducts.

??patronize

v. 表現(xiàn)出高人一等的姿態(tài)，以高人一等的態(tài)度對待；光顧，惠顧（餐館、酒店或其他生意）；贊助，資助

??The readers understand without patronized.

??cleansing

adj. 清潔的；有去污作用的

n. 徹底清潔；洗清；清潔霜

??cleanse

v. 使清潔，清洗；清理，整頓；免除（某人）的罪過

n. 對某物（尤指皮膚）的清潔

??cleanse spirit 凈化靈魂

??property

n. 所有物，財產(chǎn)；地產(chǎn)，房地產(chǎn)；特性，性質(zhì)

??rinse

v. （用清水）沖洗；（用其他液體）洗；把（肥皂、污垢等）洗掉（rinse sth. off/out）；漱（口）；染發(fā)

n. 沖洗；頭發(fā)定型劑，染發(fā)劑；（清洗用的）液體

??The earliest people lived near water and knew something about its cleansing properties - at least that it rinsed mud off their hands.

??excavation?

n. （對古物的）發(fā)掘，挖掘；發(fā)掘現(xiàn)場； 挖洞，開鑿

??During the excavation of ancient Babylon

??aesthetic

adj. 審美的，美學的；美的，藝術(shù)的

n. 美感，審美觀；美學（aesthetics）；美術(shù)理論

??The early Greeks bathed for aesthetic reasons and apparently didn’t use soap.

??pumice

n. 浮巖，浮石，輕石

v. 用浮石打磨、清潔

??Instead ,they cleaned their bodies with blocks of sand ,pumice and ashes ,then anointed themselves with oil ,and scrape off the oil and dirt with a metal instrument known as a strigil.

??anoint

vt. 給……涂油；用油擦；抹油使神圣化；指定，選擇

??tint

n. 淺色，淡色調(diào)；染發(fā)劑，染發(fā)；一絲；（用平行線表現(xiàn)陰影的）線暈；（印刷）底色

v. 給……輕微染色；染（發(fā)）

??They used this mixture to tint their hair red.

??deposit

v. 放下，放置；儲蓄；存放，寄存；沉積，沉淀；支付（押金、訂金或預繳費用）

n. 沉積物，沉積層；訂金；押金；存款；競選保證金

??It leaves the deposit of animal fat and then the rain washed the deposits.

??luxurious

adj. 奢侈的，豪華的；心滿意足的，舒適的；辭藻華麗的

??The baths were luxurious ,and bathing became very popular.

??medicinal

adj. 藥用的，有療效的；有益身體健康的，有益心理健康的

n. 藥用物質(zhì)，藥用材料

??The Greek physician Galen recommended soap for both medicinal and cleansing purposes.

??established

adj. 確立已久的，早已投入使用的；資深的，知名的

??craft

n. 工藝，手藝；船，艇，飛行器；詭計，騙術(shù)；行業(yè)，職業(yè)；手工藝品

v. 精心制作

??Nevertheless ,soap-making became available for shaving and shampooing ,as well as bathing and laundering.

??patent

n. 專利（權(quán)），專利證書；專利發(fā)明

adj. 受專利保護的，專利的；專利生產(chǎn)的，專利經(jīng)銷的；顯而易見的，赤裸裸的；

v. 獲得……的專利權(quán)；授予專利

??He patented a process for turning salt into soda ash ,or sodium carbonate.

??sodium

n. 鈉（一種化學元素，符號為 Na）

adj. （發(fā)出橙色強光的）鈉光的

??carbonate

n. 碳酸鹽

v. 溶解碳酸鹽；轉(zhuǎn)成碳酸鹽

??alkali

n. 堿；可溶性無機鹽

adj. 堿性的